Evaluation Of Motivation From A Humanistic Perspective Essay

Throughout this paper evaluation of motivation from a Humanistic perspective will be examined. Motivation is the drive within humans that makes us act, it is a process that influences goal directed behavior. Drives are considered internal factors that push an organism into action. Throughout our lives, we have certain drives within us that motivate us to behave and act in a certain way to fulfill our needs and desires. We have biological, social and emotional drives within us. Without motivation, we would not have the ability to take action and have the potential to achieve self-actualization. There are various motivational theories. Drive Reduction Theory according to Clark Hull (1943,- 1952), humans have internal biological needs which motivate us to perform a certain way. These needs, or drives, are defined by Hull as internal states of arousal or tension which must be reduced. A prime example would be the internal feelings of hunger or thirst, which motivates us to eat. According to this theory, we are driven to reduce these drives so that we may maintain a sense of int ernal calmness. Arousal Theory like Hull’s Drive Reduction Theory, Arousal theory states we are driven to maintain a certain level of arousal to feel comfortable. Arousal refers to a state of emotional, intellectual, and physical activity. It is different from the above theory, however, because it doesn’t rely on only a reduction of tension, but a balanced amount. It also does better to explainShow MoreRelatedEvaluate The Theory Of Motivation From Humanistic Perspective Essay1624 Words   |  7 PagesEvaluate the theory of motivation from the Humanistic perspective. By Marialena Posteraro Throughout this paper evaluation of motivation from a Humanistic perspective will be examined. Motivation is the drive within humans that makes us act, it is a process that influences goal directed behavior. Drives are considered internal factors that push an organism into action. Throughout our lives, we have certain drives within us that motivate us to behave and act in a certain way to fulfill ourRead MoreHuman Nature According to Psychoanalysis and the Humanistic Psychology993 Words   |  4 PagesHuman Nature According to Psychoanalysis and the Humanistic Psychology As Carl Jung stated â€Å" As far as we can discern, the sole purpose of human existence is to kindle a light of meaning in the darkness of mere being†. Reflecting onRead MoreBenefits Of The Salary Costs Paid By The Enterprise1272 Words   |  6 PagesAlso work reform should be able to play the maximize benefits of the salary costs paid by the enterprise. While from the perspective of the worker, work reform should establish fair competition and a fair pay system in the labor market according to the needs of different characteristics of worker levels, so that employees will feel comfortable to work and give full play to their talents and potential to improve job satisfaction with a sense of accomplishment. What’s more, workers can improve theirRead MoreHistorical Perspective : What You See Yourself862 Words   |  4 PagesHistorical perspective summary Key concept # 1 self concept describes how you see yourself. overall perception of your abilities, behaviors, and personality. Ideal self is the person you dike to be. Not shaped by your desires for yourself but is shaped by other’s perceptions and evaluations and acceptance of you. If these two match up, youre happy. The greater the difference, may caue anger, depression. Key concept # 2 actual self making progress towards ideal self is self actualization, theRead MoreThe Key Assumptions Of The Behaviourist School Of Thought1452 Words   |  6 PagesThe key assumptions of the behaviourist school of thought stems from the perception of psychology as a science, thus, it is believed that researches should be supported by empirical data that are collected through methodological and controlled observation and measurement of behaviour. Watson (1913) was of the opinion that behaviourist psychology should be the objective experimental branch of natural science. In this sense, behaviourist approach is interested in observable behaviour which is in contrastRead MoreHnc Social Care Essay1500 Words   |  6 Pagesoccur throughout each stage. I will also look at a service user whom I have cared for in the past and describe the needs associated with their own development. I will also describe how my knowledge and understanding of TWO contrasting psychological p erspectives will inform my practice in the workplace. The human life cycle is the various points along an individual’s life when their growth and development on both physical and emotional levels change as they mature in age. There are five stages of theRead MoreUnit 8 P1 and M11566 Words   |  7 PagesQualification Unit number and title Level 3 BTEC National Diploma in Health and Social Care (QCF) Unit 8 – Psychological Perspectives for Health and Social care. Learner name Assessor name Kamila Patrycja Zgadzaj Kwame Attikpoe Date issued Hand in deadline Submitted on 5th December, 2014 15th December, 2014 15/12/14 Assignment title Explain the principal psychological perspectives and assess different psychological approaches to study. In this assessment you will have opportunities to provide evidenceRead MoreThe Interpretative View Of Organizational Communication1703 Words   |  7 Pages The interpretative view of organizational communication developed from a humanistic approach to organizational behavior. The approach views organizations as cultural centers that develop over time. Consequently, the cultural setting of an organization determines the relationship between the management and the employees as well as between the employees. The interpretive organizational communication approach centers on the nature of communication between human beings in their natural environmentsRead MoreComparing Two Perspectives of Management1433 Words   |  6 Pagesorganising, leading and controlling. Traditional vs. Modern Perspectives The practice of management can go back as far as 3000 BC. It developed over thousands of years from Traditional style of management to Modern today. Traditional Perspectives Traditional Perspectives includes (Samson Daft, 2009): 1. Classical Perspectives – concentrates on making the organisations an efficient operating machine. 2. Humanistic Perspectives – emphases understanding human behaviour, needs and attitudesRead MoreUnderstanding The Humanistic Psychology Model Of Teaching1471 Words   |  6 Pagesupon for help? Why? Support your ideas with citations from your text, Class Packet, and from other videos and lectures for SPD604. Be sure to select ONLY from the 4 Models of Teaching introduced in the PowerPoints. Based on the information given for Ray, we know that he has a low self-esteem and thinks poorly of himself academic skills. I would use the Humanistic Psychology Model of Teaching as one of my primary resources. The Humanistic Psychology Model focuses on â€Å"empowering the student to

Social Structures And Stressors Can Increase The...

Directed Study in Criminal Justice- CRIJ 5314 Arleen J. Ramos Tarleton State University Question 1 Strain theory states that various social structures or stressors can increase the likelihood of a person to resort to criminal activities. The strains increase the negative emotions of an individual such as frustration and anger, which create the pressure to seek corrective action and therefore crime may be seen as a possible solution to ease the pressure (Bao, Haas, Chen, Pi, 2012). When a person uses crime to ease the pressure that has been brought about by strain theories, he or she is trying to escape from the source of the strain, seek revenge, or alleviate the negative emotions that he or she feels. For instance, a young†¦show more content†¦For instance, the theory points out that the society normally exerts pressure on individuals to achieve the socially accepted goals such as being wealthy, even though most people may not have the means to achieve such a status. It provides a strain, and it can lead people to commit crimes such as selling drugs or become corrupt to gain financial security. The strains are either structural or individual. Structural strains normally refer to the processes that are at the societal level, and which filter down and affect the way a person perceives his or her needs (Rovai, Baker, Ponton, 2013). On the other hand, individual strains normally refer to the frictions and pains that are experienced by an individual when he or she is trying to satisfy his or her needs. In this theory, it normally focuses on strains that involve the inability of a person to achieve monetary success. However, during the 1970s and 1980s, the use of the classic theory began to decline as research began to challenge its validity in explaining criminal activities. Not all crimes can be explained using Merton?s theory, for instance, when a person is involved in vandalism, one cannot state that he was in pursuit of material acquisition. The General Strain Theory (GST) is both a sociology and criminology theory that was developed by Robert Agnew in 1992. It states that people who experience strain or stress become distressed or even upset and it may lead them to commit crimes so as toShow MoreRelatedCrime And Its Effects On Society s Life Sentence Without A Non Parole Period1402 Words   |  6 Pageslife sentence without a non-parole period (R v Harris [2000] NSWCCA 469) Morton and Lobez (2009). Findings from Brown, Esbensen and Geis (1991) show that strain theories operate from the view that certain strains or stressors are influential, that is, they can increase the likelihood of crime occurring. The assumption is that, individuals have goals, however, under this theory; the strains make it almost impossible for these goals to be achieved Brown, Esbensen and Geis (1991). Durkheim (1951) arguedRead MoreThe Pattern Of Juvenile Delinquency Is Strain Theory1156 Words   |  5 Pagestheory of Strain to describe how social structures within society may pressure citizens (low socioeconomic status) to commit crimes. Merton felt that too much pressure to achieve goals, such as financial well-being, led to behaviors such as selling drugs. Merton’s theory relates to juvenile delinquency in that adolescents might experience overwhelming stress or pressure in their peer groups to have more money, to fit in, or to be influential. These social stressors will perpetuate delinquenc y becauseRead MoreCultural Differences Vs And Robert Mertons Strain Theory1433 Words   |  6 Pagespressure on individuals to achieve socially accepted goals though they lack the means. He says there are two things based on societys perspective that a person needs to meet to be successful which are the goals and the means. 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Local In 2014/15, 49.0% (243,432) ofRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Essay4334 Words   |  18 Pagesforms, it is a chronic and disabling psychiatric disorder associated with high co-morbidity and impairment of functioning. The essential feature of PSTD is the development of characteristic symptoms following exposure to an extreme traumatic stressor. This can be a direct personal experience which involves actual or threatened death or serious injury, or witnessing such an event. PTSD is defined by Comer (2002, p. 142) as an anxiety disorder in which fear and related symptoms continue to be experiencedRead MoreThe Behavioral Theory Of Psychology1614 Words   |  7 Pageschange in behaviour is based on experience. For example, when a person goes to the doctor to get an injection and the doctor says â€Å"Don’t worry, this won’t hurt† and then gives the patient the most painful injection their ever had. Then another time that same patient goes to the denti st for a check-up and the dentist starts to examine his teeth and says â€Å"Don’t worry, this won’t hurt† Even though this check-up might not be painful the patient can refuse the check up because the words become a conditionedRead MoreThe Affects of Workplace Change and Stress1597 Words   |  7 Pagesresistance to that inevitability and stress as a byproduct. The tactics individuals and leaders adopt can cause harmful consequences if not managed with sensitivity and awareness. Change can be threatening for those experiencing job insecurity (Robbins Judge, 2007) or develop teams and co-workers that act at cross-purposes (Huy Mintzbereg, 2003). Change can be a source of stress, but so can workload, leadership styles, and the shuffling of roles and responsibilities (Cooper, 2006). ManagementRead MoreThe Number Of Juveniles Committing Crimes1745 Words   |  7 Pagescrimes seems to be decreasing every year, but the numbers are still high and police force can ’t seem to figure out what the problem is. Though no one answer can tell people why numbers are going up, researchers are determine to figure out what may be the root of the issue. It has been stated by many studies that the environment a child comes from can determine whether they will become a criminal. There are 3 main categories that have been discussed that researchers believe may affect the way a juvenileRead MoreHuman Resource Management Interventions: Career Planning and Development, Workforce Diversity, and Employee Stress and Wellness.4744 Words   |  19 PagesBY T V SAMRAT GUPTA SEC- SF4 Roll no: 58 ISBE-A/SS (2010-12) Contents INTRODUCTION 3 CARRIER PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS 3 CAREER STAGES 4 CAREER PLANNING 6 CAREER DEVELOPMENT 8 CARRIER DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS 9 ROLE AND STRUCTURE INTERVENTION 11 Individual employee development 12 Individual employee development 13 PERFORMANCE FEEDBACK AND COACHING 13 Workforce diversity interventions 14 A GENERAL FRAMEWORK FOR MANAGING DIVERSITY 14 WORK DIVERSITY DIMENSIONS AND INTERVENTIONSRead More Schizophrenia: A Possible Etiology?1590 Words   |  7 Pages nearly 20% of the US population may suffer from a diagnosable mental illness in any given six month period (1991). Obviously the issue of mental health warrants close scrutiny, as such illness can translate into lost work days and lost dollars. From a health care perspective, many of those suffering can be relieved of their symptoms and return to normal life, so to speak. Schizophrenia, however represents one of the more disabling illnesses whose prognosis for the patient looks poor. Affecting

Struggles faced in Death of a Salesman and Fences Essay Example For Students

Struggles faced in Death of a Salesman and Fences Essay In drama, struggles and tensions within the lives of characters and the situations they face are important for the building of the plot and maintaining the attention of the audience. In Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller and Fences by August Wilson, the main characters of the plays face struggles which move the plot along, while adding anticipation and excitement. Willy and Troy face struggles internally and externally with society. Willy struggles with failing business, while Troy struggles with feelings of being segregated form society. Both men also face conflicts with their marriages and with their relationships with their sons. These struggles are evident throughout the entire play and are enhanced by many examples. Conflicts and tensions within these plays create an effective and stimulating story line. The characters Willy, from Death of a Salesman and Troy, from Fences, both face struggles with society. Willy is an aging salesman who no longer is able to keep up with the amount of work that is required for him to succeed. Willy says, I know it when I walk in. They seem to laugh at me (Miller 1702). Willy is starting to understand that he no longer is mentally and physically able to do his job and people are also starting to realize his weaknesses. Willy tells his wife, Linda, that other men at work laugh at him behind his back. The audience sees Willys struggle with his career in the following: But I gotta be at it ten, twelve hours a day. Other men- I dont know- they do it easier. I dont know why- I cant stop myself- I talk too much. A man oughta come in with few words. One thing about Charley. Hes a man of few words, and they respect him. (Miller 1703) As seen in this dialogue, Willy believes that he has to work harder than other men in order to stay in business. Willy is struggling with feeling worthless. His whole life has been built around his job and building a financially stable household. Now he struggles to keep a steady income. Willy understands societys emphasis on the importance of a profitable worker. Linda says, A small man can be just as exhausted as a great man. He works for a company for thirty-six years this March, opens up unheard-of territories to their trademark, and now in his old age they take his salary away (Miller 1713). Willy works his whole life with a stable job, which is suddenly jeopardized. Willy struggles internally with feelings of worthlessness because of his job situation. In his interview with the Paris Review, Miller says Willy believes a man who experiences failure in society and in business has no right to live (2035). In her work titled Marxism and the Early Plays of Aurther Miller, Helge Nilsen states, Human beings are sacrificed to economic interests in ways that are not only immoral, but even criminal in nature (2038). Society places a huge emphasis on a persons economic status, and Willy begins to struggle with this immensely. Willy falls victim by the free play of economic forces, and this is a main conflict theme in the play (Nilsen 2039). In Fences, the character Troy also faces conflict with society. His conflicts are not necessarily based on economic problems, but rather on feelings of injustice brought on by the white race. Troy believes the white man is out to destroy the black man. The audience sees Troys attitude toward white men in the following: I told that boy about that football stuff. The white man aint gonna let him get nowhere with that football. I told him when he first come to me with it. Now you come telling me he done went and got more tied up in it. He ought to go and get recruited in how to fix cars or something where he can make a living. (Wilson 1838) Troy discourages his son, Cory, from playing football because he thinks sports will not get him anywhere in life. .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0 , .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0 .postImageUrl , .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0 , .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0:hover , .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0:visited , .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0:active { border:0!important; } .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0:active , .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0 .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u90d177cf8c7138c421c3719ee06e76c0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Exploring Sexuality in Taming of the Shrew Essay Because of Troys past experiences, the white society is out to get him. He thinks white society is against the black people, and that the only .

Alcohol Essay Introduction Example For Students

Alcohol Essay Introduction By: Andrew E-mail: emailprotected 1. What is alcoholism? 2. How do people become alcoholics? 3. What are the effects of alcoholism, on both the alcoholic and their family? 4. How do you diagnose alcoholism? 5. Is there a cure for alcoholics? 6. What is the treatment? What is Alcoholism? Alcoholism can be defined as the dependency on alcohol; addiction to alcohol. It is a chronic disease, this disease called alcoholism is progressive and potentially fatal. In 1966 the American Medical Association (AMA) declared Alcoholism a disease, but it is still judged morally by society said Father Martin. There are different types of alcoholics, the first type of alcoholic is the everyday drinker. These alcoholics drink on a daily basis with a high dependency on alcohol. A second type is the weekend alcoholics, they drink on weekends, usually to excess. Finally, the third type is the binge drinker. This is a person who drinks heavily on occasion. Probably the most dangerous type of alcoholism, be cause they are most likely to die of alcohol poisoning. How do people become alcoholics? Alcoholics dont know how they became alcoholics. Some say it is genetic on the stress gene, triggered by psychological or social stress. While others say it is a learned maladaptive coping behavior. Studies have shown that alcoholism may be genetic. If alcoholism is genetic it would be indirect. it would be related to the stress gene. This means that stress would set off a trigger that makes alcohol a want to the person. If alcoholism is learned behavior it means that drinking is a bad coping skill, most likely learned through an alcoholic parent. What are the effects of alcoholism, on both the alcoholic and their family? Alcohol has terrible effects on health, family and work. The effects of alcohol on the body are cirrhosis of the liver, loss of brain cells, stomach cancer, depression, tremors and blackouts. An alcoholic in the family causes many disruptions to the members of the family. They start arguments and fights by not functioning or being drunk. They either do not attend family gatherings or disrupt them. Some alcoholics can be abusive to other family members. A lot of alcoholic families find themselves in financial trouble, caused by the alcoholic using most of the money to buy alcohol. Kids of an alcoholic suffer the most, listening to arguments and being the blame of their parents drinking, making the child feel at fault. This causes the child to become depressed. They stop bringing friends home and do not attend many social events. Alcoholism causes excessive absences at work. Which causes loss of money for both the employee and the employer. Up to 40% of industrial fatalities and 47% of industrial injuries can be linked to alcohol consumption and alcoholism. Alcohol also impairs productivity at work. Alcohol seriously effects one out of every ten Americans. It is the cause of more deaths, violence, family disruption and job absenteeism than any other substan ce. How do you diagnose alcoholism? Alcoholism is a tough disease for doctors to diagnose, due to the fact that any physical effects of alcoholism can be viewed as another medical problem. The alcoholic is in denial and is not going to tell the doctor how much they drink, unless the doctor asks, but most doctors dont. You can diagnose yourself by answering some of the following questions: 1. Have you gotten into financial difficulties as a result of drinking? 2. Is alcohol making your life unhappy? 3. Has drinking alcohol ever been behind your losing a job? 4. Has your efficiency decreased since drinking? 5. Has your ambition decreased since drinking? 6. Does drinking cause you to have difficulty sleeping? 7. Have you ever felt remorse after drinking? 8. Do you crave a drink at a definite time daily? 9. Do you want a drink the next morning? 10. Have you ever had a complete or partial loss of memory as a result of drinking? 11. Is drinking affecting your reputation? 12. Does drinking make you careless of your families welfare? 14. Have you ever been to a hospital or institution on account of drinking? If you answered yes to some of these questions you may be at risk of being an alcoholic. Is there a cure for alcoholism and what is the treatment? There is no cure for alcoholism, once an alcoholic always an alcoholic; there is treatments, however, that is to stop drinking completely. You are then considered a recovering alcoholic. There are many ways to stop drinking. There are detoxification centers, the purpose of detoxification centers is to aid alcoholics through the withdrawal stages. Withdrawal symptoms include sleeplessness, sweating, depression, headache, weakness, vomiting, alcoholic seizures and delirium tremens (D.T.s). There are support groups like Alcoholics Anonymous (A.A.) to help people stop drinking and start dealing with their problems. There are also recovery homes and halfway houses that help aid alcoholics to sobriety. There is no one way to recover from alcoholism. The family also needs help recovering, sense alcoholism is a family disease. For them there are support groups, like ALA-non and ALA-teen. They could also seek family or group counseling with a professional counselor. It takes a lot of time and commitment for the alcoholic to stay sober and the family to heal the scars left by alcoholism. In Alcoholics Anonymous there are twelve steps to recovery and twelve traditions. The twelve steps to recovery are: Step One: We admitted we were powerless over alcohol that our lives have become unmanageable. Step Two: Came to believe that a power greater than ourselves could restore us to sanity. Step Three: Made a decision to turn our will and our lives to the care of God as we understood him. Step Four: Made a searching and fearless moral inventory of ourselves Step Five: Admitted to God, to ourselves, and to another human being the exact nature of our wrongs Step Six: Were entirely ready to have god remove all these d efects of character. Step Seven: Humbly asked Him to remove our shortcomings Step Eight: Made a list of all persons we had harmed, and became willing to make amends to them all Step Nine: Made direct amends to such people wherever possible, except when to do so would injure them or others. Step Ten: Continued to take personal inventory and when we were wrong promptly admitted it. Step Eleven: Sought through prayer and meditation to improve our conscious contact with God as we understood Him, praying only for knowledge of His will for us and the power to carry that out. Step Twelve: Having had a spiritual awakening as the result of these steps, we tried to carry this message to alcoholics, and to practice these principles in all or affairs. There are twelve traditions that must be followed by the members of Alcoholics Anonymous. Tradition One: Our common welfare should come first; personal recovery depends upon A.A. unity. Tradition Two: For our group purpose there is but one ultimat e authority a loving God as He may express Himself in our group conscience. Our leaders are but trusted servants; they do not govern. Tradition Three: The only requirement for A.A. membership is a desire to stop drinking. Tradition Four: Each group should be autonomous except in the matters affecting other groups or A.A. as a whole. Tradition Five: Each group has but one primary purpose to carry its message to the alcoholic who still suffers. Tradition Six: An A.A. group ought never endorse, finance, or lend the A.A. name to any related facility or outside enterprise, lest problems of money, property, and prestige divert us from our primary purpose. Tradition Seven: Every A.A. group ought to be self-supporting, declining outside contributions. Tradition Eight: Alcoholics Anonymous should remain forever non-professional, but our service centers may employ special workers. Tradition Nine: A.A., as such, ought never be organized; but we create service boards or committees directly res ponsible to those they serve. Tradition Ten: Alcoholics Anonymous has no opinion on outside issues; hence the A.A. name ought never be drawn into public controversy. Tradition Eleven: Our public relations policy is based on attraction rather than promotion; we need always maintain personal anonymity at the level of press, radio, and films. Tradition Twelve: Anonymity is the spiritual foundation of all our traditions, ever reminding us to place principles before personalities. Bibliography Work Cited Silverstein, Herma. Alcoholism. New York: Franklin Watts, 1990 Wekesser, Carol. Alcoholism. San Diego: Greenhaven Press Inc., 1994 Twelve Steps and Twelve Traditions. New York: Alcoholics Anonymous World Services Inc., 1995 Alcohol and Alcoholism. The Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Drugs. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1986 Word Count: 1414 .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c , .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c .postImageUrl , .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c , .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c:hover , .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c:visited , .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c:active { border:0!important; } .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c:active , .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud698352200b92fd4ed129be74494281c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: HIV: The Search For A Vaccine Essay

Blowback, And American Foreign Policy Essays -

Blowback, And American Foreign Policy BLOWBACK, AND AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY America prides itself on being the worlds largest superpower, and the American public rarely hears about wrongdoings made by the American government. On the occasional occurrence when the media has delivered such controversial news, it is gone before the public really has a chance to absorb all the information. American foreign policy is often times possibly doing more harm than good to foreign nations and the way in which certain matters are handled reflects on the American nation as a whole. In Chalmers Johnsons book, BLOWBACK, he criticizes the American government for not taking full responsibility for its actions, and ignoring major problems that we create. One major criticism of American foreign policy is the way we handle certain events that affect our relations with foreign nations. A fairly recent occurrence at Okinawa, an island located at the southernmost tip of Japan, reflects a bad example of American military personnel. In September of 1995, two marines, Pfc. Rodrico Harp and Pfc. Kendric Ledet, along with Seamen Marcus Gill, raped a twelve-year-old girl at random. Apparently this is not uncommon, and the punishments for crimes like these are often delayed and lenient. High-ranking military officials seem to downplay the effects and seriousness of these crimes if not condone them. Another major concern regarding this incident is the amount of military bases in Japan, and their purpose. At the time of the rape, there were 42 American military bases on Okinawa. The cold war had been over for nearly ten years, and relations were assumed peaceful. Are all of these bases necessary? The United States government believes that American military presence in Okinawa is benefiting the Japanese more than Americans. Other incidents involving military personnel and Japanese civilians include, many auto accidents, drunk driving, hit and runs, and the use of chemical weapons testing on neighboring islands. Each mini-crisis like this is in itself a mini-example of blowback.(BLOWBACK, p50) The way in which these events are handled reflects upon the American Government and its policies. This also affects the attitude of the Japanese towards Americans. In recognition to the previous arguments that America needs to shape up its foreign policies, I somewhat agree with Chalmers Johnson. I believe that we do not necessarily need as many military bases on foreign soil, and I believe that we should take more responsibility for our actions when negligence is to blame. Johnson persuaded me to agree with him, when he discusses crimes such as rape, and hit and run accidents due to drunkenness. I believe that our government should punish anyone who is convicted of rape, military personnel or civilian, accordingly. I feel that the military should take more action in policing its own people, and regulate substance induced criminal behavior. I believe that it is in our nations best interest to secure peace with friendly countries and gain respect from them not based on fear, but based on the fact that we are just and dependable, as well as sensible. Our military should punish those responsible for crimes on and off the bases, and we should stand behind our word. When a marine killed three women who were walking on the sidewalk, with her car, the United States agreed to pay a solatium to the family for their loss. The military paid a total of forty percent of what they said they would, and made the grieving family sign a document giving up all claims against the United States. This affects our relation with Japan since paying a solatium is a Japanese custom and the government of Japan ended up paying the difference to the family. This is not good foreign policy. (BLOWBACK, p45) On the other hand, I agree with the current situation where neither Japanese courts nor police have jurisdiction over our bases on their soil. I do feel that we are helping to keep the Japanese safe with our presence in Okinawa and other areas. I have never enlisted in the military so I do not feel that I can cast judgment towards military bases and their procedures. I feel that we should govern our bases, while still upholding American values and laws, however I do

Free Essays on Hearing Loss

, 6 infants out of 1,000 will have a hearing loss in a least one ear that will affect communication, cognition, and educational development. Twenty to thirty percent of hearing loss in children occurs during infancy and early childhood. Some children will suffer hearing loss in one ear or possibly both. There are different types of hearing loss. A conductive hearing loss occurs in the middle ear. This is where three small bones involved in hearing are located. A hearing loss that occurs in this part of the ear is usually temporary. Chronic or recurrent ear infections may cause a hearing loss in the middle ear. There are cases where there is a malformation in this area that can be improved or corrected through surgery. There are occasions when a problem in the middle ear cannot be corrected. A sensori-neural hearing loss occurs in the middle ear and indicates that there is nerve damage. This type of loss is not reversible. There are different natures of hearing loss some that can be corrected or others that are irreversible. Parents sometimes ask, â€Å"Why did this happen to my child?† In some cases, the cause of a child’s hearing loss may be easy to trace. There may be a family history of deafness, a congenital condition, an illness, an accident, a prescribed medication that may be the cause of hearing loss. In many cases, there may be no obvious reason for the hearing loss. Parents must come to ... Free Essays on Hearing Loss Free Essays on Hearing Loss This paper is based on a disability that many Americans have, hearing loss. The nature, causality, assessment, prevention, and accommodation are things that will be discussed. This paper will also discuss some of my personal experiences of hearing loss through experiences my friend has encountered. According to Gallaudet University, approximately 1 of every 1,000 infants is born deaf while 6 of every 1,000 are born with some degree of hearing loss. Permanent hearing loss at birth annually affects 24,000 infants in the USA. In other words, 6 infants out of 1,000 will have a hearing loss in a least one ear that will affect communication, cognition, and educational development. Twenty to thirty percent of hearing loss in children occurs during infancy and early childhood. Some children will suffer hearing loss in one ear or possibly both. There are different types of hearing loss. A conductive hearing loss occurs in the middle ear. This is where three small bones involved in hearing are located. A hearing loss that occurs in this part of the ear is usually temporary. Chronic or recurrent ear infections may cause a hearing loss in the middle ear. There are cases where there is a malformation in this area that can be improved or corrected through surgery. There are occasions when a problem in the middle ear cannot be corrected. A sensori-neural hearing loss occurs in the middle ear and indicates that there is nerve damage. This type of loss is not reversible. There are different natures of hearing loss some that can be corrected or others that are irreversible. Parents sometimes ask, â€Å"Why did this happen to my child?† In some cases, the cause of a child’s hearing loss may be easy to trace. There may be a family history of deafness, a congenital condition, an illness, an accident, a prescribed medication that may be the cause of hearing loss. In many cases, there may be no obvious reason for the hearing loss. Parents must come to ...

Comparative Federalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Comparative Federalism - Essay Example The distribution of power among the central and the states is derived from the written constitution. Both forms of the government rule directly over the people. It is also sometimes seen as a compromise between the extreme concentration of power and loose confederation of independent states for governing a variety of people living in a large territory. Similarities and Dissimilarities with India and USA’s Federal Form of Government USA being the largest democratic countries in the world became the Federal republic state in the year 1789 by promulgating its constitution and India on the other hand in the year 1950 by launching its constitution. Smaller states by forming a union got affiliated with the strong central government that came to be called as Federal government in USA and central government in India. Both the countries have a written form of constitution. Secondly, USA has got its bill of rights to protect the fundamental rights of the people and India has guaranteed the fundamental rights in the articles 14 to 34 in part iii. Thirdly both the countries have Federal forms of government at the centre. The law enacted by the centre is much more superior to the law passed by the state. Both the countries have three basic divisions of labor and power in the Federal system of government; they are known as executive, legislature and judiciary. The executive governs the country, legislature enacts law, and the judiciary administers justice. Both the countries have bicameral form of legislature. In USA president is the chief executive head whereas in India prime minister is the head. USA has got the House of Senate and the House of Representatives as the upper and lower house of legislature while India has Rajya sabha and Loksabha as the upper and lower houses. A well organized judiciary is present in both the countries as apex and Supreme Court. Lastly, both the countries have a threat to democracies so the divisions of power are somehow or the other c hecked by the other houses of power. Firstly, USA’s constitution is very rigid and has undergone amendment only 27 times but the Indian constitution on the other hand is very voluminous and flexible has been amended 94 times. In USA all the states have their own constitution while in India all the states follow the Indian constitution. Secondly, USA has the presidential form of government but India has the parliamentary form of government. USA follows the bi-party system whereas India has got multi party system. President of USA can hold his office for only two terms whereas in India nothing as such rule is there. In India, Loksabha or the lower house is much more powerful while in USA the upper house i.e., house of senate is more powerful. A senate member is directly elected whereas in India, Rajyasabha members are indirectly elected. Last but not the least, USA has got the advanced judicial system while India is rapidly developing in its judicial system (Lingam) Possible Re forms for the US Government Adopting from India: India has always followed and encouraged in peace keeping operations but on the other hand USA has tried to maintain peace with the help of machinery and men. India has shown real patience to its rival countries by providing timely help to those in need. It had also undergone friendship agreement with its enemy countries like China & Pakistan, timely help to Bangladesh when Pakistan tried to overtook it. These are the policies which the US government may adopt from India (Schaffer, 73; Kesselman, Krieger and Joseph, 286) Possible Reforms for the Indian Government Adopting from the US Technology transfer is what India can learn from US Federal government. It is quite evident from the history